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    Why Insurance Companies Deny & Underpay Claims — And How We Fight Back

    Every dollar paid in claims is a dollar off the carrier's bottom line. Understanding the institutional incentives behind denials is the first step toward fighting back effectively.

    March 12, 2025By Mantis Claims Group13 min read
    47.5%
    Claims closed without payment at top 13 insurers (2023)
    Weiss Ratings / NAIC
    70.5%
    Farm Bureau P&C denial rate — highest of any major carrier
    NAIC Data
    30%
    Of paid claims receive partial payment below actual losses
    Industry Data
    40–700%
    Higher settlements with public adjuster representation
    OPPAGA / Sill
    Insurance companies are publicly traded corporations or large mutual companies with obligations to shareholders, members, and analysts. Their profitability depends on two levers: premium revenue and claims expense. Every dollar paid in claims is a dollar that does not flow to the bottom line. This is not a conspiracy theory — it is basic business economics, and it shapes every decision their claims departments make.

    The Data: How Bad Is the Denial Problem?

    47.5%

    Among the 13 largest homeowners insurers, 47.5% of claims were closed without payment in 2023 — up from 37.4% for all reporting carriers. These denial rates have been "creeping up steadily for nearly two decades."

    Source: Weiss Ratings / NAIC Data
    70.5%

    Farm Bureau Property & Casualty — which holds a dominant market share in rural North Carolina — had the highest denial rate of any major carrier studied: 70.5% of claims closed without payment.

    Source: NAIC Data Analysis

    Partial underpayment is just as damaging: Approximately 30% of homeowners insurance claims receive partial payments below the policyholder's actual losses — in addition to outright denials. This means the majority of policyholders who do receive a payment are still not made whole.

    The 8 Most Common Denial & Underpayment Tactics

    For each tactic carriers use, Mantis Claims Group employs proven counter-strategies:

    01

    Exclusion Misapplication

    ~33% of all denials

    Carriers frequently apply exclusions in ways that stretch or misread policy language — attributing storm damage to 'pre-existing deterioration' to invoke the wear-and-tear exclusion, or claiming wind-driven rain is 'flooding' on a property without a flood policy.

    Mantis Counter-StrategyWe review every denial against actual policy language, NC case law, and NCDOI guidance to identify improper exclusion application.
    02

    Causation Disputes

    Wind vs. storm surge disputes

    After hurricanes, carriers routinely dispute whether damage was caused by wind (covered) versus storm surge or flooding (excluded). Forensic engineering analysis is essential to establish that wind caused specific damage before water arrived — a distinction worth hundreds of thousands of dollars.

    Mantis Counter-StrategyWe engage independent forensic engineers who produce peer-reviewable causation reports that counter carrier position papers.
    03

    Inadequate Scope of Damage

    One-visit inspections miss most

    The carrier's adjuster often performs a single 1–2 hour site inspection for a complex commercial loss, missing concealed structural damage, HVAC and mechanical damage, electrical code failures, foundation issues, and undocumented contents.

    Mantis Counter-StrategyOur independent inspection precedes the carrier's assessment, establishing a documented baseline they cannot later dispute. Real example: In a Dallas, TX residential claim, the carrier's adjuster documented surface-level damage but missed structural issues beneath the roof assembly. A public adjuster conducted forensic damage analysis using scientific testing methods and recovered $87,000 — nearly 4x the carrier's initial $22,000 offer. (Source: ICRS)
    04

    Depreciation Manipulation

    ACV vs. RCV disputes

    Carriers apply excessive depreciation percentages, depreciate labor in addition to materials (which many courts have ruled improper), and fail to account for recoverable depreciation when property is repaired or replaced.

    Mantis Counter-StrategyWe document all repair/replacement activities to trigger recoverable depreciation payments and challenge improper depreciation schedules.
    05

    Wrong Unit Price Data

    Pre-inflation Xactimate pricing

    Carriers sometimes use outdated regional price databases in Xactimate. Post-pandemic inflation drove construction costs dramatically higher — estimates using 2019–2020 unit prices significantly undervalue 2024–2025 losses.

    Mantis Counter-StrategyWe use current NC regional pricing data and supplement with actual contractor bids to establish accurate replacement costs.
    06

    Business Interruption Minimization

    Fraction of actual BI losses paid

    Carriers frequently dispute the restoration period length, revenue baseline, and allocation of continuing expenses. Without a professionally prepared BI claim package, policyholders routinely recover a fraction of their actual economic loss.

    Mantis Counter-StrategyWe prepare comprehensive BI packages with forensic accountant support, documenting every element of lost income and fixed expense.
    07

    Delay Tactics as Leverage

    Pressure to settle short

    NC General Statutes Chapter 58 requires insurers to act in good faith, but delays in inspection, excessive documentation requests, and slow processing pressure policyholders — facing repair costs and lost revenue — to accept inadequate settlements just to end the ordeal.

    Mantis Counter-StrategyOur engagement eliminates the information asymmetry that makes delay tactics effective. We document every carrier communication and timeline. Real example: Bay View Foods worked alone with an inadequate carrier offer for an entire year. When a public adjuster got involved, a single machine reclassified from "needs cleaning" to a $7M total loss — and the PA doubled the multi-million-dollar settlement. (Source: Globe Midwest / Adjusters International)
    08

    Partial Payment Pressure

    Accepting locks out remainder

    Carriers sometimes make an initial partial payment — enough to trigger a signed proof of loss — while reserving the right to dispute the full scope. Accepting without a reservation of rights can, in some circumstances, limit your ability to pursue the remainder.

    Mantis Counter-StrategyA public adjuster reviews every payment document before clients sign anything — ensuring partial payments do not close out remaining coverage.

    How Public Adjusters Fight Back: The Numbers

    40–700% Higher

    Studies show policyholders with public adjuster representation receive settlements 40–700% higher than those who handle claims alone — and even after adjuster fees of 5–15%, the net recovery is substantially larger.

    Sources: OPPAGA · Insurance Claim Recovery Support · Sill Public Adjusters

    The reason professional representation works is straightforward: insurance carriers are dealing with a professional who speaks their language, understands their tactics, and cannot be pressured or confused by policy jargon. When a licensed public adjuster enters the process, the dynamic shifts in the policyholder's favor.

    The verified case studies above illustrate this shift in concrete terms: a Dallas homeowner saw a $22,000 offer become $87,000 once a PA conducted forensic analysis the carrier's adjuster never performed (ICRS). Bay View Foods endured a year of inadequate offers before a PA reclassified a single piece of equipment from routine cleaning to a $7M total loss, doubling the overall settlement (Globe Midwest). These are not outliers — they are what happens when qualified representation enters a process designed to favor the carrier.

    What You Should Never Do After a Claim Denial

    Sign any release or final proof of loss under pressure without public adjuster or legal review
    Accept a verbal explanation of a denial — demand it in writing citing specific policy language
    Let the carrier's adjuster be the only one to inspect the damage
    Discard or repair damage before independent documentation is complete
    Miss your policy's appraisal demand deadline — typically a short window after settlement failure
    Assume a denial is final — denied claims can and do get successfully reopened

    A denied or underpaid claim is not the end of the road. Mantis Claims Group specializes in reopening denied claims, challenging improper exclusion applications, and negotiating significantly higher settlements — even on cases that policyholders had already given up on.

    Free Denied Claim Review · No Upfront Fees

    Your Denial Isn't Final.

    If you've received a denial or an inadequate settlement offer on a commercial property claim in North Carolina, contact Mantis Claims Group for a free review. We work on contingency — no recovery, no fee.

    Sources & Citations